Gas-engine



10. W. BALDWIN.

GAS ENGINE.

' No. 325,377. Patented Sept. 1.1885.

R. W I

(No Model.) ,2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

I Q l (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. 0. W. BALDWIN.

GAS ENGINE.

No. 325,377. Patented Sept. 1, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

CYRUS w. zALnwIn, or YONKERS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR ro WILLIAM E.

HALE, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIPIC'ATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 325,377, dated September 1, 1885.

Application filed March .20, 1885. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it TIMI/y concern.-

Be it known that I, CYRUS IV. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Yonkers, in the county of W'estchestcr and- State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of gaseogines in which the piston within a powercylindcr is moved under the action of exploding charges of a mixture of air and gas; and my invention consists in means fully set forth hereinafter for securing an intimate admixture of the gas and air for reducing or increasing the proportion of gas in the mixture, according to the work to be done by the engine, and for retaining the charges admitted to the power-cylinder as much as possible at the rear end of the said cylinder.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of sufficient, of a gasengine to illustrate my improvements. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation. Fig. 3 is a face view of a detachable block carrying parallel deflector-plates. Fig. 4. is a transverse section on the line 3 4, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a view illustrating a modification.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, which may be used in connection with engines of different constructions, I have shown it in connection with an engine provided with a cylinder, A, piston B, reservoir X, contained in casings C and 0", connected by a pipe, 0, and with ports a; y z, and loaded valve 1, in the communication between the reservoir and the power cylinder A. I have also shown the engine as provided with an electrical igniter-plug, J, carrying electrodes, the engine and its appurtenances being mounted upon a hollow base or bed, D.

The exhaust-port z is shown in dotted lines as near the forward end of the cylinder, so as to be covered by the piston and a guard,f, thereof on the pistons backward movement, and so as to be uncovered as the piston approaches the forward end of the cylinder, as set forthin the Letters Patent No. 287,897, November 6, 1883.

The forward end of the power-cylinder with the piston constitutes a pump, whereby a fresh charge of air and gas is drawn into the rescr voir at each backward movement of the piston B, and is compressed therein at each forward movement of the piston, the valve I lift- 5 5 have discovered that by causing the air to pass 6 5 in a thin stream over a perforated pipe or plate through which the gas flows, the two may be most intimately mingled, so as to produce a mixture which will ignite rapidly and thoroughly consume the gas in its (2};- 7O

plosion.

As one mode of carrying out my invention, I have placed a supplemental casing, E, beneath the casing G, to inclose a chamber, Y,

which communicates through'ports b, closed 7 5 by a spring-seated valve J with the reservoir X, and through ports (I, closed by a spring seated valve, K,with the external atmosphere.

Between the ports at and b is arranged a transverse case or tube, F, the topof which is so near the top of the chamber Y, leaving anarrow channel, 20, the said top being perforated with minute openings, and the said tube F communicating with a gas-pipe, L, the flow of gas through which is controlled according to the speed of the engine by a governor, M, in any well-known manner.

As one means of regulating the flow of gas to the pipe, I have shown the pipe L as communicatingwith avalve case, N, provided with 0 a check-valve, 9, opening upward, the stem 6 of the valve extending through the top of the casing below an arm, P, hung to a bracket, h, and provided with a lower inclined edge, 2'.

A stud at the side of the arm P extends into 5 an annular groove, 5, in the end of the movable rod in of the governor, and 'the parts are arranged, as shown in the drawings, so that upon any increase in the speed of the engine the arm I will swin inward in the direction I00 myself to this particular form 'of governing mechanism, as other means of controlling the flow of gas to reduce it as the speed of the engine increases may be employed. As the piston 13 moves backward a partial vacuum is created in the reservoir X, and the valves J and K are lifted, and the air is drawn through the ports (1 and through the contracted passage over the gas-tube F, through the perforations in which the gas is also drawn, and is caused to mix intimately with the air thus carried in a thin stream over the gas-passage,

and the mixture is carried through the ports (2 into the reservoir X, from which it flows into the power-cylinder upon the opening of the valve I. Upon the forward movement of the piston B the mixture is compressed in the reservoir X, the valve J closing and prevent ing any back-pressure in the gas-tube, and the valve K closing and preventing the further entrance of air into the chamber Y.

I do not limit myself to the precise construction of parts above described for causing the air to flow in a narrow'stream across fine gas ports or openings, as it will be evident that different means may be employed ernbodying this feature of my invention. For instance, two gas pipes or tubes may be arranged opposite to each other, and perforated, as shown in Fig. 5, with a narrow intervening passage, through which the stream of air flows, and with which the gas mingles in a uniform distribution.

In all gas-engines, and especially in that class of engines where the new charge is admitted at about the time the old chargeis permitted to pass to the exhaust,it is desirable to prevent the gases of the new charge from flowing directly to and out of the exhaust, and from mingling with and being diluted by the spent gases in the power cylinder. As a means of preventing such a result, I have shown the powercylinder, as provided with a series of transverse deflector-plates, t, each arranged to extend with its rear edge to a slight extent backward beyond the rear edge of the next lowest plate and into the channel or passage 12, through which the gaseous mixture passes from thereservoir to the powercylinder, the said channel being at right angles to the said plates, so that as the mixture rushes upward through the channel 11. it will strike successively the edges of the various plates, and first one portion and then another of the mixture will be deflected and thrown outward, causing an even distribution of the charge across the area of the cylinder, reducing the speed with which the charge will be thrown toward the exhaust, and creating eddies and counter-currents, which tend to retain the charge in the rear end of the cylinder, and prevent any portion thereof from being projected through the spent gases to the exhaust.

As a convenient mode of securing the arrangement of deflector-plates above described, I have shown the same as forming the cross-bars of a cast-metal block, Q,'circ ular in form, and adapted to fit in the rear end of the cylinder, the reanportion of the said block being cut away, so as to form with the rear head of the cylinder the channel a.

It will be apparent that the platest maybe separate plates secured in place in any suitable manner either to the head of the cylinder or within the latter to the body thereof, and that they may be slightly inclined from ahorizontal line either upward or downward to prevent too direct a flow of the mixture toward the exhaust-port.

WVithout limiting myself to the precise eonstruetion and arrangement of parts shown and described, I claim 1. The combination, with a casing or reservoir, and with a pump for exhausting the contents thereof, of a perforated pipe or tube communicating with a gas-pipe and arranged between an air-port and a port communicating with the reservoir to leave a narrow air-passage adjacent to the perforations in the gas pipe, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a casing or reservoir having an inlet provided witha valve, of a casing provided with an air-inlet, and narrow air-passage between the air-inlet and the valve, and a gas pipe communicating with perforations opposite the said narrow passage, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.-

3. The combination of apower-cylinder and piston, a reservoir having aninlet-opening and valve, a casing provided with an air-inlet opening and valve and aperforated tube communicating with a gas-pipe and arranged between the two valves opposite a narrow passage, and a governor and valve controlling the flow of gas to the gas-pipe, substantially as described.

4. The combination of apower-cylinder and piston, a reservoir, a pump connected to supply the reservoir with gas and air, and a perforated gas-pipe arranged opposite a contracted passage, through which the air flows to the reservoir, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a power-cylinder and piston and with apump, of a perforated gas-pipe arranged opposite a narrow passage through which the air is supplied to the pump, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the power-cylinder and piston, of a reservoir provided with inlet-ports and valve, a casing containing a chamber communicating with said inlet-ports and provided with air-ports closed by a valve, and a perforated gas-pipe arranged between the air-ports and inlet-ports opposite a narrow passage, and a pump connected to draw the air and gas into the reservoir upon its movement in one direction, and to compress themixture upon its opposite niovement,substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the power-cylinder provided with a lateral inlet-port, of aseries of deflector-plates, each projecting into the inlet-port at the rear edge to a slight extent farther than the next lower plate, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The combination, with the power-cylinder and inlet-port, of a series of parallel defiector-plates arranged at about right angles to the inlet-port, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. The combination,with a power-cylinder, of a detachable block adapted to fit the interior of the cylinder, and provided with parallel deflector-plates, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The detachable block adapted to the bore of a power-cylinder, provided with a series of parallel plates, each projecting at the rear edge beyond the plate below it, and cut away to form with the head of the cylinder a recess communicating with the inlet-port, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination, with a power-cylinder and air and gas pipes or ports,of a valvecasing communicating with the gas-pipe and provided with a valve, and a stem extending through the casing, a governor, and an arm connected to be operated by the governor and provided with a beveled edge arranged opposite the end of the valve-stem,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CYRUS W. BALDWIN. Witnesses:

E. R. KEYEs, M. S. KnYns. 

